Books etc.

May 8, 2022
Last change: July, 26, 2026

Photo: Postcard of Hartmann to Blavatsky, Jan. 3, 1889. Public domain.
Publisher ad of the T.P.S., London 1889, in:
Hartmann, Franz – In the Pronaos of the Temple of Wisdom (1890)


↓ Further interesting photos from the books
↓ Traditional Theosophy before 1875

Table of books etc. mainly in English and German language

A

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Ailinger, Albert SJ – Gibt es eine Seelenwanderung? Gemeinverständliches über Theosophie und Anthroposophie. 47 pp., 1921 | 2nd rev. ed. 1952.
First as article in Deutsches Volksblatt, Stuttgart Jan., 15 1920.
article, broschure | Jesuit view on soul wandering; reincarnation, rebirth | none

Anon. – Horoskop der TG Adyar [Fragment; 1908]
paper | fragmentary horoscope | Steiner-Besant split; TS history | theoarchive; photocopied at Goetheanum

Amneus, Nils – Long-Hartley succession – Letter April 2, 1951
photocopy | leadership; successorship; Point Loma; split 1951 | theoarchive

Anon. – Das theosophische Fotoalbum Wilhelm von Hübbe-Schleidens (2020)
article | photo album of Hübbe-Schleiden in Dornach; TS history; TS Germania | Die Drei

Anon. – Flugblatt Theosophie Elberfeld (07.12.1884)
photocopy | TS Germania; TS history; probably first German flyer | theoarchive, original sold by Antiquariat Kiefer

Anon. – ‘The Coming Christ’. ‘Alcyone’s’ Father v. Annie Besant (1913), in: New Zealand Truth, Aug. 13, 1913
newspaper article | Krishnamurti; Alcyone; messiah craze; TS history | Papers past

B

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Baillie-Weaver, Harold – H. P. Blavatsky (1920), White Lotus Day, 17 pp.
broschure | memorial address | theoarchive

Bain, Alan – The Leadbeater Affair (1996)
pdf from art., circulars, letters; in html from theos-talk chats | pedo affair; TS history

Bain, Wilhelmina Sherriff – Katherine Tingley and Point Loma (1908)
pdf from art. | TS history | Papers past

Becher, Theobald – Die Tattwas und ihre Bedeutung
broschure | tattvas, skandhas | none

Becher, Theobald & Holz, Gisela – Die Entwicklung der T.G. in Deutschland [1922]
Suppl. to Hartmann, Franz – Was ist Theosophie? 3. A., pp. 273-304
book | TS history in Germany | Internet Archive

Benjamin, Elsie – The Significance of the Monad Divine. Devine? Or Human? (1971)
article | human constitution | Theosophy Canada

Benjamin, Elsie – The Significance of the Seven Principles of Man (1970)
article | human constitution | Theosophy Canada

Besant, Annie – To the Members of the Theosophical Society [Leadbeater Case, 07 Sept. 1908]
circular | pedo affair; TS history | Alan Bain

Besant, Annie – Centenary Book 1847-1947 (1947), 264 p.
book | biography | TS history

Bevir, Mark – The West Turns Eastward: Madame Blavatsky and the Transformation
of the Occult Tradition (1994), in: JSTOR, Vol. 62, No. 3 (Autumn, 1994), pp. 747-767 (21 p.)
study | India, East-West, TS History | pdf to buy

Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna – Blavatsky Collected Writings – Vol I-XV (1874-1891), edited by Boris de Zirkoff (grand nephew)
15 vols. + cover text + common preface + (17 files) + 1 folder about changes by the editor (11 files)
books | first-hand Theosophy | T.P.H.

Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna – Letter to her aunt Nadyezhda Andreyevna de Fadeyev (July 19, 1877)
Printed in The Path 9 (Jan. 1895):301, reprints in: Theosophical Quarterly 5 (Oct. 1907): 126-35; Theosophist 53 (Oct.
1931): 32-40 and (Nov. 1931): 161-6; HPB Speaks 1:165-88 and The Letters of H. P. Blavatsky, T.P.H, Wheaton 2003, p. 314 f.
letter | Isis Unveiled, “against exact science, against Theology and for Religion” | unknown

Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna – Letter to her sister Vera [Wera] Zhelikhovskaya, Nov. 6, 1877
Photo   Transcript
letter | biography | Bakhmut Roerich Society

Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna – The Key to Theosophy (1st ed. 1889)
pdf | doctrines | Internet Archive, TUP html as pdf

Blavatsky’s Family (by Blavatsky Museum) English Russian German (Google Translator)
article | Blavatsky genealogy; biography | Blavatsky Museum

Blavatsky’s Father Peter von Hahn/Petr Gan (by Blavatsky Museum)
English Russian German (Google Translator)
article | Blavatsky genealogy; biography | Blavatsky Museum

Bowen, Robert – The Secret Doctrine and its Study (1891)
pdf from html | Blavatsky | Can. Theos. Association

Brailsford-Bright, J. – Theosophy and Modern Socialism (1889)
pdf from art. | Socialism | Can. Theos. Association

Bulwer-Lytton, Eduard – Margrave. Die seltsame Geschichte eines schwarzen Magiers (1913)
book | occult fiction | Internet Archive

Burrows, Herbert & Mead, G.R.S. – The Leadbeater Case
The Suppressed Speeches of Burrows and Mead (1908)
broschure | pedo affair; TS history | Alan Bain

Butler, Ronald Kenneth – The Influence of Theosophy on the Tradition of Speculative and Esoteric Theories of Music (2013)
Thesis (PhD Doctorate) | arts | Griffith Univ.

 

C

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Caldwell, Daniel – Theosophy an Introduction by HPB (2012)
pdf | beginners guide | Theosophy World

Caldwell, Daniel H.: A Casebook of Encounters with the Theosophical Mahatmas (2020)
book | mahatmas, masters adepts | none

Chajes, Julie – Reincarnation in H. P. Blavatsky’s The Secret (2017)
paper | rebirth | Correspondences Journal

Cleather, Alice L. – H. P. Blavatsky, a Great Betrayal (1922)
booklet | apologetics | Internet Archive

Cleather, Alice L. – H. P. Blavatsky as I knew her (1923)
booklet | apologetics | Internet Archive

Cleather, Alice L. – H. P. Blavatsky, her Life and Work (1922)
booklet | apologetics | Internet Archive

Collins, Mabel – Das Lied von der weissen Lotos (1889)
book | mystic | none

Cooper-Oakley, Isabel – The Comte De St. Germain [1912]
book | messengers | Internet Archive

Cranston, Sylvia & Carey Williams – The Extraordinary and Influence of Life H. P. Blavatsky (3rd ed. 1994)
pen name for Anita Atkins, see Theosophy World and Theosophy Forward. TS Pasadena: “1915-2000. Author, known by her pen name Sylvia Cranston or S. L. Cranston, who wrote books on reincarnation. Anita Atkins was born on December 12, 1915, and spent her childhood and youth living in the Grand Concourse, Bronx, New York. Her formal academic education ended with high school, after which she became a self-taught scholar.”
book | biography; TS history; apologetics; Franz Hartmann; SPR; Coulomb | Sylvia Cranston

D

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Däniken, Erich von – Die Geheimlehre der Frau Blavatsky erschütterte die Welt (1985), 1 p., in: Swiss newspaper Blick, Sept. 19, 1985.
article | Blavatsky’s Secret Doctrine, ancient manuscripts and technology, vimanas, space flights, ancient astronauts | Tatjana Ingold

Das, Bhagavan – The Central Hindu College and Mrs. Besant. The Rise of the Alcyone Cult (1913)
book | Krishnamurti, messiah craze; Alcyone | TS history | Theosophy Canada

Deinhard, Ludwig – Die ‘Theosophische Kreuzspinne’ (1891)
broschure | TS history, Prof. Sellin; Hübbe-Schleiden | theoarchive; photocopied at Goetheanum

Detering, Dr. Hermann: Spuren indischer Philosophie bei Basilides – Basilides referiert Sāṃkhya (2018) Teil 1 – Teil 2
pdf | Q question, early Christianity, Christianity-Buddhism relationship, Indian influence | Radikalkritik
Translation: Detering, Hermann: Traces of Indian Philosophy in Basilides
Part 1: Basilides References to Sāmkhya (2018)
Part 2: Religious Historical Intersections (2018)

Devaranne, Theodor – Seelenwanderung und Wiederverkörperung. (Reincarnation und Karma), in: Die Okkulte Welt, Bd. 43.
Pfullingen i. Württ., Johannes Baum Verlag, (1921)
broschure | soul wandering; reincarnation; rebirth | none

Devi, Rukmini – The Artistic Side of Annie Besant (1947)
Excerpt from the Besant Centenary book
book | biography | Theosophy (Formerly theos-talk)

Dilloo-Heidger, Erik & Eike, Christine – Alois Mailänder und der Theosoph Wilhelm Hübbe-Schleiden.
Briefe, Notizen, Aufzeichnungen aus dem Hauskreis 1885 -1900 (BOD 2025).
book | biography; German TS history; | none

E

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Edge, Henry T. – Some perverted presentations of theosophy corrected. 1900s. 7 pages
broschure | TS split; Besant; Leadbeater; pedo affair | none

Einbeck, Walter – Zum Gedächtnis an Dr. Franz Hartmann (1838 – 1912), (1925)
booklet | biography | none

Elsas, Edeltraud, Dr. Dagmar Uecker – Stufen der Seelenentwicklung – Theosophie und Rosenkreuz im Dialog, 79 pp.
broschure | rosicrucians | none

Ervast, Pekka – Die Botschaft der Theosophie (1919-2012)
broschure | TS in Finland | unknown

F

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Fergus, John W. – Stanzas of Dzyan – Critical Edition (2022)
pdf draft | The Book of Dzyan; The Secret Doctrine | Universal Theosophy

Frater Apollonius – The Annotated Book of Dzyan (2011)
pdf | The Book of Dzyan; The Secret Doctrine | Archidox

Friedrich, Wilhelm – Über Lessings Lehre von der Seelenwanderung. Preisgekrönt von der August Jenny-Stiftung. 114 pp., Oswald Mutze, Leipzig, 1890
broschure | soul wandering; Lessing; reincarnation; rebirth | none

Fullerton, Alexander – Letter extracts to Marie B. Russak (1907)
letter extract | succession Besant-Olcott; Leadbeater pedo affair | Alan Bain

Fussell, Joseph H. – Ereignisse in der Geschichte der Theosophischen Bewegung
broschure | TS history; affairs; split 1895; Coulomb, Fullerton | none

Fussell, Joseph H. – Etwas, das die Öffentlichkeit wissen sollte
flyer | pedo affair; Leadbeater; Besant; Fullerton; TS history | none

Fussell, Joseph H. – Incidents in the History of The Theosophical Movement (1920 3rd rev. ed.)
broschure | TS history; affairs; split 1895; Coulomb, Fullerton | Internet Archive

Fussell, Joseph H. – Mrs. Besant and the Leadbeater Advice [1913]
broschure | pedo affair | Internet Archive

Fussell, Joseph H. – Mrs. Annie Besant and the Moral Code. A Protest (1909)
broschure | pedo affair | Internet Archive

Fussell, Joseph H. – Some Reasons Why the Members of the Universal Brotherhood and Theosophical Society
Do Not Endorse Mrs Besant Nor the Society of Which She is President (1913)
broschure | pedo affair | none

Fussell, Joseph H. – Something the Public Should Know (1910)
flyer | pedo affair; Leadbeater; Besant; Fullerton; TS history | none

Fussell, Joseph H. – William Kingsland – An Open Letter to Annie Besant
flyer | pedo affair; Leadbeater; Besant; TS history | none

G

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Geering, Rudolf – Einladung Hauptversammlung D.T.G. (1895)
circular | invitation general meeting at Febr. 17, 1895; TS history in Germany | theoarchive, photocopied at Goetheanum

Geppert, Alexander C.T., Andrea B. Braidt (Hg.) – Orte des Okkulten (2003)
studies; booklet | occult & TS history in Germany | Univ. of Berlin

Göring, Hugo – Dr. Franz Hartmann, ein Vorkämpfer der Theosophie (1896, Transcript)
booklet | biography | unknown
Göring, Hugo: Dr. Franz Hartmann, ein Vorkämpfer der Theosophie (1896, scan)
booklet | biography | none

Greusel, John Hubert – Katherine Tingley, humanity’s friend (1907)
booklet | TS history | Internet Archive

Gruffman, Paulina – The Quest for Gnosis. G. R. S. Mead’s Conception of Theosophy (2020)
study | gnosis, early Christians | Univ. of Stockholm

Guignette, Jean-Paul – Bibliography of H. P. Blavatsky (1987)
broschure | bibliography | theohistory

H

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Hammer, Walter (pen-name of Walter Hösterey) – Die Generalanzeiger-Presse kritisch beurteilt als ein Herd der Korruption. 55 p., Theosophisches Verlagshaus, Leipzig, Hugo Vollrath, 1st and 2nd. ed. 1911; 4th ed. 1912, 56 p. Publisher of the Jugendbewegung. Biographies: 1. dissertation of Jürgen Kolk (2010), 2. Axel Flake/Heiko Schmidt:
Der in Elberfeld geborene Verleger und Publizist Walter Hammer (1888-1966). Ein Beitrag zu Jugendbewegung, Pazifismus und Widerstand.” 3. Walter Hammer und Erna Hammer-Hösterey: 2Die bleibende Spur: Ein Gedenkbuch für Walter Hammer. 1888 – 1966″, Hamburg: Janssen, 1967, 296 S.
broschure | corruption in the press | none

Hanegraaff, Wouter – The Theosophical Imagination (2017)
article | clairvoance; Leadbeater; psychometry; astral world | Correspondences Journal

Harlass, Ulrich – Die orientalische Wende der Theosophischen Gesellschaft. Eine Untersuchung der theosophischen Lehrentwicklungen in der Zeit zwischen den Hauptwerken Alfred Percy Sinnetts (2021) [publisher ad only]
book | doctrines; study | pdf to buy

Harris, Iverson L. – Helena Petrovna Blavatsky – A refutation of slanders against the foundress of the Theosophical Society (1921)
Professor of law, the Theosophical University. Student under Katherine Tingley, Leader and Official Head of the Universal Brotherhood and Theosophical Society and successor to H. P. Blavatsky and William Q. Judge. Reprint in: Tingley, Katherine – Helena Petrowna Blavatsky (1921), pp. 15-21.
broschure | apologetics, biography | none

Harris, Iverson L. Jr. – Katherine Tingley’s Raja-Yoga System of Education [1922]
broschure | school reform, spiritual education, Point Loma | Internet Archive

Harte, Richard – Introduction to ‘Keely’s Secrets’ (1888)
pdf from html | technology; Bloomfield Moore | Can. Theos. Association

Harte, Richard – The Hebrew Talisman (1888, scan)
html  |  pdf backup of htm | bio of Harte
booklet | banking system | Internet Archive, Theosophy Canada

Hartmann, Franz – Postcard to Blavatsky, Jan. 03, 1889 from Vienna to London
“My dear H. P. B. Your “Secret Doctrine” will be “The Bible” of the coming millenium.
Yours truly, F. Hartmann”
postcard | The Secret Doctrine | Bakhmut Roerich Society

Hartmann, Franz (Transl.) – Atma Bodha
(Selbsterkenntnis) (1895)
book | self-knowledge | none

Hartmann, Franz – Sozialismus und Theosophie (1898)
article; broschure | socialism | Theosophische Informationsstelle

Hartmann, Franz – Autobiography (Occult Review Jan. 1908)
article | biography | Internet Archive

Hartmann, Franz – In the pronaos of the temple of wisdom (1st. ed. London 1890)
Ad title in The Key to Theosophy, 1889: “Gossip about the true & false Rosicrucians and the Fire Philosophers”
1st. US ed. Boston 1890
book | traditional theosophy; Hermetism | Internet Archive

Hartmann, Franz – Magic, Black and White (5th ed., London 1904)
Hartmann, Franz – Magic, Black and White (8th Am. Ed. rev., Philadelphia 1904)
book | doctrines | Blavatsky Archives, Internet Archive

Hartmann, Franz – Pansophia (1924)
book | Rosicrucians | Internet Archive

Hartmann, Franz – Populäre Vorträge über Geheimwissenschaft, Band 2 (1900)
book | articles collection | none

Hartmann, Franz – Was ist Theosophie 3. A. [1922]
Collection of his former articles and lectures (with changes) and supplement of the TS history, see Becher, Th.
book | articles collection; TS history in Germany | Internet Archive

Head. Joseph & Cranston, Sylvia – Reincarnation; an East-West anthology
including quotations from the world’s religions & from over 400 Western thinkers (1961)
book | rebirth | Internet Archive

Hess, Karolina Maria – The Beginnings of Theosophy in Poland (2015)
study | TS history in Poland | ResearchGate

Hoffmann, Baron Oskar von – Letter to Alfonso – [About his visit to Blavatsky in Elberfeld] (17. Sept. 1884, fragmentary, Limburg version)
letter; partial, transcript via Horst E. Miers | Blavatsky in Elberfeld; TS Germania; TS history in Germany | theoarchive

Hoffmann, Baron Oskar von – Letter to Alfonso – [About his visit to Blavatsky in Elberfeld] (17. Sept. 1884, fragmentary, Dornach version)
letter; partial, variant transcript | Blavatsky in Elberfeld; TS Germania; TS history in Germany | theoarchive; photocopied at Goetheanum

Holzweber, Brigitte – Die okkulten Wege der Wiener Moderne. Eine religionswissenschaftliche Analyse der „Wiener Rundschau“
book | master’s thesis; Vienna; Franz Hartmann; Rudolf Steiner; Friedrich Eckstein | Univ. of Vienna

Hübbe-Schleiden, Wilhelm – Letter to Seiler (March 1, 1894)
letter | TS Theosophische Vereinigung, successor of TS Germania, precursor of Adyar section; TS history in Germany | theoarchive photocopied at Goetheanum

I+J

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Jeremias, Alfred – Buddhistische und theosophische Frömmigkeit. Mit einer zusammenfassenden Einleitung über das Wesen der Frömmigkeit und über das Verhältnis der Religion zur christlichen Frömmigkeit (1927), 44 p. He was a professor of the history of religions at the University of Leipzig, which became in 1912 the first German university with a chair of comparative religious science. He is said to have planned the world-wide first chair for Theosophy (sic), but political developments prevented it. (oral information by Hermann Rudolph-Fischer, son and after-war succeccor as head of the Hartmann TS ITV, which existed for 40 years from 1897-1937, when they were forbidden). Reviews: 1. by Richard Karutz in: Die Drei, 1927; 2. J. Lippl in Theologische Revue; 27(1928), 11, Seite 398-399; 3. N. Schlögl, in: Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, 1929, Vol.36 (1), p.150.
broschure | buddhistic and theosophistic piety | none

Jinarajadasa, C. – The Golden Book of the Theosophical Society (1925)
Compiled by us into one large file compressed in 71 MB and original in 755 MB
book | TS history | Theosophy World

Judge, Rajbir Singh – Dusky Countenances – Ambivalent Bodies and Desires in the TS (2021)
pdf | TS history; Esoteric Section; sex problems | Rajbir Judge

K

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Kaiser, Tomas – Zwischen Philosophie und Spiritismus (2006)
study | Carl du Prel; TS Germania; TS history in Germany | Univ. of Lüneburg

Kämpfer, Friedrich – Der Tod… und was dann? [1915] p. 47 is missing.
broschure | death, reincarnation | theoarchive

Kerning, Johann B. – Weisheit der Orients. Ediert von Franz Hartmann (1901) Pen name for Johann Baptist Krebs
book | mystic, wisdom | Internet Archive

Kirsebom, Klara – Letter to Emmi Haerter, Gelsenkirchen Lodge, May 1, 1951
letter | leadership; successorship; Point Loma; split 1951 | theoarchive

Klatt, Norbert – n. n. [a criticism of the Mahatma Letters]. He has viewed them in an unknown theological journal at first as forgeries, but after his research of the Hübbe-Schleiden estate he changed his view and didn’t want his paper to be circulated anymore (oral information from him to us), ca. 1992.
paper | Mahatma Letters | higher beings | none

Klatt, Norbert – Theosophie und Anthroposophie. Neue Aspekte zu ihrer Geschichte aus dem Nachlaß von Wilhelm Hübbe-Schleiden (1846-1916) mit einer Auswahl von 81 Briefen (1993). Review: Die Drei, 7, 1995.
Kalliope-Verbund: “… die von Norbert Klatt nicht ermittelten Briefe Alois Mailänders befinden sich im Rudolf Steiner Archiv in Dornach im Nachlass von Emil Bock; freundlicher Hinweis von Dr. Martina Maria Sam, Nov. 2021.”
book; find book | TS Germania; TS history in Germany | none

Klatt, Norbert – Der Nachlass von Wilhelm Hübbe-Schleiden in der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen. Verzeichnis der Materialien und Korrespondenten (1996)
book; find book | TS Germania; TS history in Germany | none

Klatt, Norbert – Wilhelm Hübbe-Schleiden – Indisches Tagebuch. 1894/1896. Mit Anmerkungen und einer Einleitung herausgegeben von Norbert Klatt. Göttingen 2009.
book | travel diary; India; Adyar; TS history in Germany | Norbert Klatt

L

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Lamprecht, Dr. Harald – Überblick über die Geschichte der Theosophischen Gesellschaften in Deutschland
article | TS history in Germany | Neue Rosenkreuzer

Laun, Friedrich – Moderne Theosophie und katholisches Christentum (2. ed.., 1922), 44 p. Quote p. 42:
“… [E]in überzeugter Katholik, der zugleich ein wissendes Mitglied der theosophischen oder anthroposophischen Gesellschaft wäre, ist so unmöglich wie ein Lamm in Gesellschaft der Füchse, ein Theosoph in katholischer Gesellschaft vielleicht ein Fuchs im Schafskleid.”
broschure | Catholic view on theosophy | none

Laur, Dr. Peter – Ein deutschbaltischer Hintergrund der ‘Theosophie’? (2006)
Review: Reitemeyer, Frank – Open Questions in H. P. Blavatsky’s Genealogy, in: Fohat, summer 2006
article | Blavatsky genealogy, ancestors | theoarchive

Lavoie, Jeffrey – Saving Time. Time, Sources, and Implications of Temporality
in the Writings of H. P. Blavatsky (2015)
theses | chronology, darwinism; geological ages | Core

Leadbeater, Charles W. – An Occult View of the War (1916)
Cp. Dr. Rudolf Steiner’s occult views on WWI, who came to quite opposite results as well as Katherine Tingley. Recent historical research confirms Steiner and Tingley.
broschure | World War I | Anand Gholap

Lechner, Gerhard – Der theosophische Einfluss auf Rudolf Steiners fünftes Evangelium (2024), 18 pp.

Leese, Kurt – Moderne Theosophie (2nd ed. 1921)
book | Protestant view on theosophy | Internet Archive

Levy, Eugene – Mrs Besant and the Present Crisis in The Theosophical Society (1913)
book | Krishnamurti; Alcyone; messiah craze; TS history | Internet Archive

Lindtner, Dr. Christian: Geheimnisse um Jesus Christus (Süderbrarup 2005, 396 p.). Website: jesusisbuddha. The publisher ad flyer.
book | Q question, early Christianity, Christianity-Buddhism relationship, Indian influence, Buddhism in Europe | none

Lindtner, Dr. Christian – More Than 500 Witnesses – All False – Buddhist Sources (2009)
Reprint from Lockwood, Dr. Michael – Buddhism’s Relation to Christianity (2010-2015), pp. 278-79.
article | Buddhism, Christianity, Q question | Adyar News Bulletin (scholarly)

Lindtner, Dr. Christian – 500 Brothers Alexandrian Crypto-Buddhism… MORE THAN 500 BOUTTA WITNESSES… (Århus handout 2015), 2 p.
Handout | Q question, early Christianity, Christianity-Buddhism relationship, Indian influence, Buddhism in Europe | jesusisbuddha

Lobanova, Marina: Mystiker, Magier, Theosoph, Theurg: Alexander Skrjabin und seine Zeit. Hamburg: von Bockel 2004. 364 p. : Ill., Noten.
book | music, arts | none

Lockwood, Dr. Michael – Buddhism’s Relation to Christianity (2010-2015)
book | Buddhism, Christianity, Q question | Academia

Lockwood, Dr. Michael – Dr. Christian Lindtner and Gematria-Isopsephy (2021)
pdf | Buddhism in Europe, pre-christian | jesusisbuddha

M

Marfels, Wilfried – Kleine Einführung in die Theosophie, n. d. [1986]
broschure | introduction | theoarchive

Marvell, Leon – The Imaginal Realm and the Hermetic Foundations of Science (2016, Crotona Verlag)
Marvell, Leon – Einheit. Die hermetischen Grundlagen der Wissenschaft (2018, Crotona Verlag)
book | gnosis | none

M., V. – The strange little girl, a story for children [c. 1911]
booklet | children | Internet Archive

Mead, G.R.S. – Fragments of a Faith Forgotten (1900)
book | gnosis; pistis sophia | Bahai

Mead, G. R. S. – Pistis Sophia (1896)
Mead, G. R. S. – Pistis Sophia (rev. ed. 1921)
book | gnosis; pistis sophia | Internet Archive

Mead, G. R. S. et. al. – The Leadbeater Case. Reply to the President’s Letter (1908)
circular | pedo affair; TS history; | Alan Bain

N

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Nair, Taravath Madhavan – The Evolution of Mrs. Besant (1918) Pen name “The editor of “Justice”, Madras”
book | Krishnamurti; Alcyone; messiah craze; TS history; Judge; pedo affair; Leadbeater; letters from Mrs. Dennis etc. | Internet Archive

O

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Oberth, Hermann – Ist Jenseitsforschung überhaupt möglich? 39,5 pp. manuscript fragment, intended as part 1 of
a projected series “Träger des Lebens. Schriftenreihe über Seele, Theosophie und Okkultismus“
unfinshed, unpublished manuscript; | the beyond; theosophy; soul; rocket science | none

Olcott, Henry S. – Inaugural Address (1875)
lecture | TS launch | Isis invokes

Olcott, Henry S. – The Count de Saint-Germain and H. P. Blavatsky – Two Messengers of the White Lodge (1905-1918)
pdf from html | messengers | Can. Theos. Association

P

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Pelletier, Ernest – The Judge Case Vol. 1+2 (2004)
book | Judge case; split 1895; successorship | Theosophy Canada

Pelletier, Ernest – Annie Besant, Theosophy and the Liberal-Catholic Church (2013)
book | Leadbeater affair; TS history; LCC | Theosophy Canada

Penzig, Prof. Dr. Otto – Die Theosophie und die Theosophische Gesellschaft (1921)
book | TS history | Warburg Institute

Point Loma daily time schedule (1909)
pdf from flyers | Sightseeing ad for Lomaland; TS history | UC San Diego

Priem, Georg – Franz Hartmann, sein Leben u. Wirken. Eine Gedenkschrift zur Erinnerung an den
Gründer der Internationalen Theosophischen Verbrüderung (1912)
booklet | TS history; ITV; biography | none

Pryse, James M. – An Important Statement [on SD vols. III+IV] (1926)
article | missing SD volumes; | IAPSOP

Pryse, James Morgan – The restored New Testament I (1914)
Pryse, James Morgan – The restored New Testament I (4th ed.)
Pryse, James Morgan – The restored New Testament I (1914, OCR)
Theosophy Wiki
books | Holy Bible; gospels; forgery; Early Christianity; | Internet Archive

Price, Leslie – Madame Blavatsky, Buddhism and Tibet (2005). A Spoken Paper at the Theosophical History Conference, London, Sunday 15 June 2003, with revisions.
lecture | TS history, Masters, Buddhism, Tibet | Blavatsky Archives

Pryse, James Morgan – The restored New Testament II (1925)
book | Holy Bible; gospels; forgery; primordial Christianity; | none

Purucker, Gottfried von – Blavatskys wissenschaftliche Vorwegnahmen (1927)
quote | science; Blavatsky’s scientific anticipations | theoarchive

Q+R

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Raatz, Paul – Letter to Seiler (Dec., 09 1893), (fragment), 4 pp. + 1 front page with archive note
letter | TS history in Germany | theoarchive, photocopied at Goetheanum

Raghunathan, Radha – Dr. Christian Lindtner’s Aggersborg Tantram – Obituary (2021)
article | Buddhism in Europe, pre-christian | jesusisbuddha

Ragon, Jean-Marie – Die Messe in ihren Beziehungen zu den Mysterien und Zeremonien des Altertums (1908)
in: Neue Metaphysische Rundschau; XV. Jg. 1908 in two parts: 1. pp. 27-34, 2. 136-142; 15 pp. +1 publishing ad.
article | secrets of masses, masonry, esoteric Christianity | theoarchive

Reigle, Nancy & David – The Lost Kalacakra Mula Tantra (1986)
broschure | Book of Dzyan | Academia

Reigle, David – Curriculum in the Wisdom Tradition (2005)
pdf | Sanskrit; Patanjali, Blavatsky | Eastern Tradition

Reigle, David – The Book of Dzyan – The Current State of the Evidence (2013)
broschure | Book of Dzyan | Academia

Reitemeyer, Frank – Franz Hartmann im Kreuzfeuer. Neusprech auf dem Vormarsch? (2000)
broschure | translation issues; Secret Doctrine | theoarchive

Rembe, Anatole – Christus der Mensch und Freiheitskämpfer, Wilhelm Friedrich, Leipzig 1887, 80 pp.
broschure | Christ | none

Rembe, Anatole – Der Weg zum wahren Erfolg, n.d. (c. 1920), 68 pp.
broschure | transformation to the higher with theosophical doctrines | theoarchive

Rembe, Anatole – Giordano Bruno (1929)
broschure | inquisition, persecution | theoarchive

Ross, Lydia and Ryan, Charles J. – Theosophia: An Introduction, revised and edited by Helen Todd and W. Emmett Small (Point Loma Publications, San Diego 1974).
broschure | introduction | none

Ross, Joseph E. – C. W. Leadbeater Unveiled. Rustling Shadows (2021)
Supplement to Krotona of Old Hollywood, Volume I (2021)
book | Leadbeater affair; TS history; Krishnamurti | Krotona Archive

Ross, Joseph E. – Krotona Institute of Theosophy (2021)
booklet | TS history, Krishnamurti | Krotona Archive

Row, Subba – Collection of Esoteric Writings (1910)
book | doctrines | Internet Archive

Rudolph, Hermann – Die Stufen des inneren Lebens, n.d. [c.1914], 6 pp.
The reference to Theosophische Bausteine No. 14 allows us to narrow down the date, as there the publisher’s advertisement states “To be published in the course of 1914…”, while No. 18 is dated Nov. 1920, which shows a publication gap caused by the war.
flyer | cleansing the mind and will | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Stiftungsurkunde Franz Hartmann-Loge zu Löbau (1918)
photo | Charter of Hartmann’s TS I.T.V. | unknown

Rudolph, Hermann – Die I.T.V. als Kulturfaktor (1932), 4 pp.
The imprint “7 32 20” reads: July 1932, 20,000 copies.
flyer | the Hartmann group I.T.V. as cultural factor for a new culture, overcoming materialism as the first step of Germany’s mission to heal the world | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Die I.T.V. und die Zukunft (1933), 2 pp.
The imprint “2.33.10” reads: February 1933, 10,000 copies.
flyer | future of Germany, astrology, truth, brotherhood, theosophical state | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Die Verbrüderung – das Prinzip der Freiheit (1933), 4 pp.
flyer | freedom, fraternization, theosophy and nationalsocialism | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Die deutsche Sendung der Theosophischen Verbrüderung e.V. (1934). Eine Aufklärungsschrift. Blätter für Brüderschaft Nr. 4, 4 pp., 11th-12th print run.
flyer | theosophy and nationalsocialism | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Der Tod und das Leben nach dem Tode (1934). Eine Aufklärungs und Trostschrift für alle, die den Tod fürchten ober über Verstorbene trauern. Blätter für Brüderschaft Nr. 7, 8 pp.
flyer | death and life after death | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Die Bedeutung der Theosophischen Verbrüderung (T.V.) (1934)
Blätter für Brüderschaft Nr. 8, 4 pp.
flyer | theosophy and nationalsocialism | theoarchive

Rudolph, Hermann – Die theosophische Botschaft (1935), 8 pp.
The imprint “A C IV. 35 M” is not full clear. “IV. 35” is probably the date April 1935, because a date is also recognizable from other flyers. But the abbreviations “A C” and “M” remain unknown, where M could stand for the Roman numeral 1,000, indicating the print run.
flyer | theosophy as self-knowledge and the overcoming of ignorance | theoarchive

S

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Santucci, Dr. James – Theosophy And The TS (2nd ed. 2013)
article | TS history | Theosophy Forward

Schmidt, Ferdinand – Theosophische und okkultistische Studien (n.d., c. 1895)
booklet | theosophy and occultism | none

Schmidt-Steffes, Diana – Theosophie, Kosmologie, Geometrie. Maß, System und Göttliche Ordnung in der
Kunst J.L.M. Laweriks. Kosmisches Drama im Kunshandwerk (2016)
book | theosophy in the arts; dissertation | Univ. Heidelberg

Seidel-Dreffke, Dr. Björn & Reitemeyer, Frank – Unbekannter Blavatsky-Brief an Fuerst Zertelew entdeckt (2000)
letter | prince Zertelev | theoarchive

Seidenstücker, Karl – Vortrags-Cyclus über Buddhismus (Leipzig 1903)
flyer | lecture announcements; buddhism | Wikipedia

Shearman, Hugh – Madame Blavatsky and the Mahatma Letters (1967)
article | Besant/Leadbeater; changed teachings | Anand Gholap

Siemons, Jean-Louis – Theosophia (1988)
broschure | Etymology | theohistory

Sinnett, Alfred P. – The Early Days of Theosophy in Europe (1922)
pdf from html | TS history | Can. Theos. Association

Speckner, Rolf: Helena Blavatsky in Deutschland – eine Zusammenfassung. Vortrag in Dornach am 11.2.2012
pdf, html | TS history, TS Germania, Elberfeld | Rolf Speckner

Spence, Lewis – The History of Atlantis [1927]
book | Atlantis; root races | Internet Archive

Speyer, Prof. Jacob Samuel – Die indische Theosophie aus den Quellen dargestellt (1914)
book | vedas and karma from academic view | Internet Archive

Spunda, Franz – Der gelbe und der weisse Papst (1923)
book | occult fiction | Internet Archive

Steiner, Rudolf – Der Theosophische Kongress in Amsterdam (1904)
article Lucifer-Gnosis | congress report | Rudolf Steiner Online Archiv

Steiner, Rudolf – Wie begründet man Theosophie? (1912)
lecture | apologetics | Uranos-Archiv

Steiner, Rudolf – Wie widerlegt man Theosophie? (1912), in: GA 069
lecture | apologetics | Uranos-Archiv

Surya, G. W. – Moderne Rosenkreuzer (1924)
Pen name for Demeter Georgievitz-Weitzer
book | alchemy; Rosicrucians | Internet Archive

Surya, G. W. – Triumph der Alchemie (1908)
Pen name for Demeter Georgievitz-Weitzer
book | alchemy; Rosicrucians | Internet Archive

T

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Taylor, Richard P.: Blavatsky and Buddhism (1999), UC Berkeley, Group in Buddhist studies; 110 pp. Quotation p. 72: “…Blavatsky had access to Tibetan Buddhist sources which no other Westerner during her time had. Her works are by no means merely strings of plagiarisms, but rather very cogent arguments, supplemented by masses of data, that her readers should believe Buddhist claims that there is a perennial philosophy, in the possession of Adepts, which explains the origins of the world and leads to salvation from it…Blavatsky knew what the Buddhist Tantras were, knew their content and imported them better than any Western contemporary, and knew bona fide Tibetan traditions surrounding them. This alone gives strong reasons not to dismiss her claims out of hand.”

Comm.: Taylor first established the necessity of a serious study of Blavatsky, since she was usually dismissed as a charlatan in academic Buddhology, but in fact had a considerable influence on East-West religious discourse. He then defines a method: Blavatsky’s Buddhist statements should be systematically compared with contemporary Orientalists (e.g., Max Müller, Bharati, Lopez) and with primary sources (sutras, tantras, commentaries) in order to reveal her specific contribution and distortions. Taylor demonstrates that Blavatsky constantly distinguishes between “exoteric” Buddhism (institutional churches, texts) and an “esoteric” wisdom religion that she claims to represent, while simultaneously presenting it as the true essence of Buddhism. His central thesis is that this very shift – away from historical Buddhist traditions and toward an older, universal “Buddhism” or “wisdom tradition” – leads to her to selectively adopt real Buddhist teachings in order to incorporate them into an overarching, theosophical system of Mahatmas, Adepts and “Secret Doctrine”.

Theosophische Gesellschaft [Adyar] – Katalog der Bibliothek (1906)
broschure | TS library catalogue; TS history in Germany | theoarchive; photocopied at Goetheanum

Theosophische Gesellschaft [Adyar] – Ziele und Aufgaben [n.d., c. 1909]
flyer | Aims and mission of the Steiner section; TS history in Germany | theoarchive; photocopied at Goetheanum

Theosophische Gesellschaft, Zweig Berlin – Einladung zur XI. Generalversammlung (n.d., c. 1906)
flyer | Invitation general meeting Raatz TS; TS history in Germany | theoarchive; photocopied at Goetheanum

Thomas, Margaret – Theosophy Versus Neo-Theosophy [ca. 1924]
booklet | TS split; Besant; Leadbeater | Blavatsky Archives

Tillett, Dr. Gregory – Leadbeater. A Biographical Study (Dissertation 1986)
Tillett, Dr. Gregory – Leadbeater. A biographical study (Dissertation 1986) OCR up to p. 795
book | pedo affair; Krishnamurti; Alcyone; messiah craze; TS history | Univ. of Sydney

Tillett, Dr. Gregory – The Esoteric within the Exoteric – Esoteric Schools (1992)
manuscript | inner groups, ES | Theosophy (Formerly theos-talk)

Tillett, Dr. Gregory – Leadbeater and the Sydney Police (2005)
posting | Leadbeater | Theosophy (Formerly theos-talk)

Tingley, Katherine – Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1921), 81 pp. + 3 pp. publisher ad + 4 pp. front pages with photos.
book | biography | Internet Archive

Tingley, Katherine – Theosophie, der Pfad des Mystikers (1922)
book | mystic | Internet Archive

Tingley, Katherine – The Life at Point Loma (1909)
broschure | Lomaland, Raja Yoga School | Internet Archive

Tingley, Katherine – To abolish capital punishment (1914)
booklet | death penality | Internet Archive

TS Adyar – Full Report 7th Anniversary Meeting in Bombay on 27 Nov. 1882 (1883)
broschure | Congress report | Internet Archive

TS Adyar-Shiv Nadar Trust Lease Damodar Gardens (May 31, 2022)
document | lease real estate | Theosophy (Formerly theos-talk)

V

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Veritas – Mrs. Besant and the Alcyone Case (1913) Pen name for Narayaniah, G.
book | Krishnamurti; Alcyone; messiah craze; TS history | Internet Archive

W

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Wachtelborn, Karl – Atlantis. Bildungsstätte unserer Kultur und Religion [c. 1905]
broschure | Atlantis, root races | theoarchive

Wachtmeister, Constance & Buffington Davis, Kate – Practical Vegetarian Cookery (1897)
book | diet; vegetarianism | Theosophy (Formerly theos-talk)

Wedemeyer, Bernd – Der Athletenvater Theodor Siebert (1866-1961). Eine Biographie zwischen Körperkultur, Lebensreform und Esoterik. Göttingen 1999.
book | inventor of body building | none

Z

Name, title, edition, location & year, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

Zander, Dr. Helmut: Johannes Maria Verweyen (1883-1945) als Theosoph
article | TS history in Germany | Univ. Freiburg

Zander, Dr. Helmut – Theosophische Zeitschriften in Deutschland bis 1945 + Reitemeyer, Frank – Ergaenzung (2007)
book chapter | TS history in Germany | Dr. H. Zander

Zechner, Frank – Der amerikanische Spiritismus und seine Wurzeln, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 1), 2006
article, study | TS history | Frank Zechner

Zechner, Frank – Der Beginn der Theosophischen Bewegung, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 2), 2006
article, study | TS history | Frank Zechner

Zechner, Frank – Madame Blavatsky: Die erste westliche Buddhistin, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 3), 2006
article, study | buddhism | Frank Zechner

Zechner, Frank – Die deutschen Theosophen und die beginnende Buddhismusrezeption, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 4), 2007
article, study | theosophists and buddhism in Germany | Frank Zechner

Zechner Frank – Yoga goes West, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 5), 2007
article, study | yoga | Frank Zechner

Zechner, Frank – Rudolf Steiner – Theosoph und Hellseher, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 6), 2007
article, study | Steiner | Frank Zechner

Zechner, Frank – The dark side of the moon, in: Serie: Buddhismus und Theosophie (Teil 7), 2007
article, study | TS history, root races, accusation of racism | Frank Zechner

Zhelikhovskaya, Vera Petrovna – H. P. Blavatsky and the Modern Priest of Truth: a reply to Mr. Vsevolod Solovyov, 1893
[Wera P. Schlichowskaja; Ygrek]
letter | accusations of fraud; TS history | ULT UK

Zirkoff, Boris de – Dr. Franz Hartmann (1966)
article | TS Germania, ITV, TS history | Universo Filosofico

Zirkoff, Boris de – Who played that trick on HPB? The puzzle of “The Theosophical Gloassary” (1967-68), 4 pp.
Published in The Canadian Theosophist, Vol. 49, May-June, 1968. First published in Theosophia, Winter 1967-68.
article | Critique of the teaching content of texts not authorized by Blavatsky | unknown

Zirkoff, Boris de – What of Reincarnation?. La Habra, CA: Ande Herald Press, 1974.
broschure | reincarnation, rebirth | none

Further interesting photos from the books


Photo: Public domain.

Publisher advertising of the German translation “Die Geheimlehre” of “The Secret Doctrine”, in: Franz Hartmann: Was ist Theosophie? (3. A., n.d. [1922])


Traditional Theosophy before 1875

In chronological order. First of all without the huge collections of Paracelsus and Jacob Böhme.

Year, name, title, edition, location, data
Format | Topics | Digitized by; source

1678: Musaeum Hermeticum Reformatum Et Amplificatum. Introduction by Karl R. H. Frick, M. D. in the reprint of 1970.

1697: Theosophical Transactions of the Philadelphian Society, London 1697. Extracts. Comment by Dr. Lian Temple and article Who were the Philadelphian Society?; cp. Richard Roach.

1742: ERNST AUGUST, Herzog von Sachsen-Weimar (1688-1748): Zu dem hoechsten alleinigen Iehovah gerichtete theosophische Herzens-Andachten oder Fürstliche selbst abgefassete Gedancken, wie wir durch Gottes Gnade uns von dem Fluch des Irdischen befreyen und im Gebet zum wahren Lichte und himmlischen Ruhe in Gott eingehen sollen : nebst einigen aus dem Buch der Natur und Schrifft hergeleiteten Philosophischen Betrachtungen von denen dreyen Haushaltungen Gottes im Feuer, Licht und Geist zur Wiederbringung der Creatur / [Das kurze Glaubens-Bekenntniß des Hoch-Fürstlichen Auctoris.]. o. Ort, o. Verleger, 1742, in-4to, Kupfertitel + 148 S, Einfacher-Pappband d. Zeit. Erste Ausgabe.

1786: Stoll, Johann Gottlieb – Etwas zur richtigen Beurtheilung der Theosophie, Cabbala, Magie und anderer geheimer ubernaturlicher Wissenschaften. Nebst einem Kupfer. 174 pp., Leipzig 1786.
Critique of Occult Sciences: A factual and incisive examination of Theosophy, Kabbalah, and magic. Exposing Deception: Classifying so-called Theosophists as alleged hypocrites who claim to have renounced worldly things but in reality strive for goldmaking in alchemy. Target audience of the critique: The observation that such heresies are widespread not only among the common people but especially among scholars, doctors, and preachers.
book | criticism of Theosophy | MDZ, Internet Archive

18xx: Hanka – Ueber Theosophie in Bezug auf Arzneikunde, in: Jahresbericht der Schlesischen Gesellschaft für vaterländische Cultur, p. 301 fn.
article | medicine | none

1823: Eckartshausen, Karl von: Über die wichtigsten Mysterien der Religion. Nebst einem Anhang – Fragmente aus der ältesten Weisheitsschule: oder Cloas, des Naturpriesters: Unterricht an Sophrom. Munich 1823, 142 pp. Reprint Munich 2020, 140 pp.
book | science of the holy ones, inner wisdom school, the closed kingdom of heaven within us | Google

1828: Schmidt, Isaac J. – Über die Verwandtschaft der gnostisch-theosophischen Lehren (1828), 25 pp.
article | relationship between gnosticism and theosophy | Google

1835: Fechner, Gustav Theodor – Das Büchlein vom Leben nach dem Tode (ed. 1947, without annotations, with epilogue). Master K.H. talked with him in Leipzig.
booklet | after life

1850: Mystik und Theosophie. Bücher-Auktion bei Fr. Hanke, Buchhändler und Antiquar, Katalog No. 29 with over 8,000 items, 240 Nrn. items of mystic and theosophy; two advertisements for the book auction on April 6, 1850 in: Tagblatt der Stadt Zürich, Nro. 82, 23 March 1850, p. 423, par. 12 and in Nro. 96, April 6, 1850, p. 498, par. 70.
newspaper advertisement of a book auction | mysticism and theosophy | Google

1851: Widenmann, Gustav: Gedanken über die Unsterblichkeit als Wiederholung des Erdenlebens. Mit einem Aufsatz von C. S. Picht ‘Das Abtauchen der Reinkarnationsidee bei dem Arzt und Philosophen G. Widenmann 1850’. Wien, 1851, x + 96 p.

1855: Introduction to Theosophy, or the Science of the Mystery of Christ; that is, of Deity, Nature, and Creature, embracing the philosophy of all the working powers of life, magical and spiritual, and forming a practical guide to the sublimest purity, sanctity, and evangelical perfection; also to the attainment of divine vision, and the holy angelic arts, potencies, and other prerogatives of the regeneration, London 1855.
The following is the dedication of this volume: “To the students of Universities, Colleges, and schools of Christendom: To Professors of Metaphysical, Mechanical, and Natural Science in all its forms: To men and women of Education generally, of fundamental orthodox faith: To Deists, Arians, Unitarians, Swedenborgians, and other defective and ungrounded creeds, rationalists, and sceptics of every kind: To just-minded and enlightened Mohammedans, Jews, and oriental Patriarch-religionists: but especially to the gospel minister and missionary, whether to the barbaric or intellectual peoples, this introduction to Theosophy, or the science of the ground and mystery of all things, is most humbly and affectionately dedicated.” Quoted from Dr. J. D. Buck in Helena P. Blavatsky – The Key to Theosophy (1889).

1856: Theosophical Miscellanies, follow-up volume of 1855, 600 pages, royal octavo, diamond type. Quoted from Dr. J. D. Buck in Helena P. Blavatsky – The Key to Theosophy (1889).

1861: Meyer, Jürgen Bona – Die Idee der Seelenwanderung. Vortrag gehalten im wissenschaftlichen Verein zu Berlin. 62 pp., Otto Meissner, Hamburg, 1861.
booklet | soul wandering; Lessing; reincarnation; rebirth | none

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